Withdrawal Policy

Authors are strongly encouraged to ensure the accuracy, originality, and readiness of their manuscripts before submission. Submission of a manuscript to the journal implies that the work has not been published previously and is not under consideration elsewhere.

Requests for manuscript withdrawal must be submitted formally by the corresponding author to the editorial office, together with a clear explanation of the reason for withdrawal.

Manuscripts may be withdrawn before entering the peer-review process without restriction. However, withdrawal requests submitted after the manuscript has entered peer review, undergone substantial editorial processing, or been accepted for publication may be considered only under exceptional circumstances.

Withdrawal of manuscripts due to simultaneous submission, duplicate submission, or acceptance by another journal is considered unethical publishing behavior and will be handled in accordance with the journal’s publication ethics policy.

The journal reserves the right to take appropriate editorial action in cases involving unethical withdrawal practices or other forms of publication misconduct.

The publisher and editorial team are committed to maintaining the integrity, transparency, and efficiency of the scholarly publication process in accordance with internationally recognized ethical standards.